AutoCodes – Generic – B2278

B2278 Code - Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction

Quick Answer

The voltage required for correct Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) system operation is 10-16 volts. Common causes include Faulty Steering Column, Steering Column harness is open or shorted, Steering Column circuit poor electrical connection. Severity is High - diagnose this code as soon as possible. Driving is not recommended if the warning light is flashing, the engine runs poorly, or safety-related symptoms are present.

What it means: B2278 indicates Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction.
Common causes: Common causes include Faulty Steering Column, Steering Column harness is open or shorted, Steering Column circuit poor electrical connection.
Severity: High - diagnose this code as soon as possible.
Can I drive?: Driving is not recommended if the warning light is flashing, the engine runs poorly, or safety-related symptoms are present.

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Code Popularity 17,390

How popular is this code, among other codes? Low

Repair Importance Level

Urgent (Diagnose now) (3 / 3)

Repair Difficulty Level

Advanced (Pro) (3 / 3)

What is this?

Table of contents Created and updated by William Orellana on Oct 29, 2019

Description
Possible Causes
How To Fix
Cost to Diagnose
FAQs
Comments
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Code B2278 Description

The voltage required for correct Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) system operation is 10-16 volts. Above or below that voltage range the OBDII codes will be set. The EPAS motor, torque sensor and steering shaft/wheel position sensor are all integrated into the Power Steering Control Module. The Power Steering Control Module is integrated into the Steering Column. If any new components need to be installed, a new steering column must be installed.

OBDII Code B2278 - Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction - AutoCodes.com — B2278 Code - Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction

What does this mean?

What are the Possible Causes of the DTC B2278?

Faulty Steering Column
Steering Column harness is open or shorted
Steering Column circuit poor electrical connection

How to Fix the DTC B2278?

Review the 'Possible Causes' above and visually examine the corresponding wiring harness and connectors. Check for damaged components and inspect connector pins for signs of being broken, bent, pushed out, or corroded.

What is the Cost to Diagnose the Code?

Labor: 1.0

To diagnose the B2278 code, it typically requires 1.0 hour of labor. Rates vary by location, vehicle, and shop. Many shops charge between $80–$150 per hour; dealerships and metro areas may be higher, independents may be lower.

Need more information about the B2278 code?

Need more information on how to fix the B2278 code? Get Access to Factory Service Manuals

Need Help with the Code?

Get the B2278 code diagnosed by a professional: Find a repair shop in your area

Information for Specific Makes

B2278 Ford — Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction
B2278 Lexus — Engine Switch Circuit Malfunction
B2278 Lincoln — Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction
B2278 Mercury — Steering Shaft Torque Sensor Malfunction
B2278 Scion — Engine Switch Circuit Malfunction
B2278 Toyota — Engine Switch Circuit Malfunction

About the author: William Orellana is a Master Mechanic and Mechanical Engineer with over 30 years of experience diagnosing and repairing vehicles. Learn more about his background.

Frequently Asked Questions about B2278 Code

1. What does the OBDII code B2278 mean?

B2278 indicates a malfunction in the steering shaft torque sensor, which monitors the force applied to the steering wheel to assist in electronic power steering operations.

2. What are the common symptoms of code B2278?

Symptoms may include a loss of power steering assist, a stiff steering wheel, the steering warning light on the dashboard, and reduced steering performance.

3. What causes the B2278 code to appear?

Common causes include a faulty steering shaft torque sensor, damaged wiring or connectors associated with the sensor, or issues with the power steering control module.

4. Can I drive with the B2278 code active?

While the vehicle may still be drivable, the loss of power steering assist can make steering difficult, especially at low speeds, and could pose a safety risk.

5. How is the B2278 code diagnosed?

Technicians typically use a scan tool to confirm the code, inspect the steering shaft torque sensor and its wiring for damage, and test the steering system for proper operation.

6. What repairs can fix the B2278 code?

Repairs may include replacing the steering shaft torque sensor, repairing or replacing damaged wiring or connectors, or updating/reprogramming the power steering control module if needed.

7. How much does it cost to fix the B2278 code?

Repair costs can vary, but replacing the torque sensor typically ranges from $200 to $500, depending on the vehicle make and model.

8. Can I reset the B2278 code without fixing the issue?

Clearing the code without addressing the underlying issue will likely result in the code returning, as the problem with the torque sensor or related components persists.

9. What tools are needed to fix the B2278 code?

Tools may include an OBDII scanner, a multimeter for testing wiring, and basic hand tools to access and replace the torque sensor.

10. Is the B2278 code specific to any vehicle make or model?

No, B2278 is a generic OBDII code, but it may appear more frequently in vehicles with electronic power steering systems that use a torque sensor. Always consult the service manual for your specific vehicle.